Manual block-making is common because it requires little investment: a wooden or metal mould, a mix of cement, sand, and water, and some labour. But the problems are many:
- Inconsistent sizes → walls are harder to build straight.
- Weak compaction → blocks are porous, easily absorbing water.
- Variable cement ratio → some blocks are under-mixed and crumble with time.
- Poor curing → blocks often dry too quickly under the sun instead of being properly cured.
This is why many cement block houses in The Gambia show cracks, damp patches, and black mould within just a few rainy seasons.